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digitalmars.D.bugs - [Issue 9430] New: short and byte implicitly cast to integer with binary arithmetic ops

reply d-bugmail puremagic.com writes:
http://d.puremagic.com/issues/show_bug.cgi?id=9430

           Summary: short and byte implicitly cast to integer with binary
                    arithmetic ops
           Product: D
           Version: D2
          Platform: All
        OS/Version: All
            Status: NEW
          Severity: normal
          Priority: P2
         Component: DMD
        AssignedTo: nobody puremagic.com
        ReportedBy: estewh gmail.com



This fails to compile with the (equivalent) errors shown below:

void main() {
    byte[3] val = [1, 2, 3];
    byte[3] res2;
    res[0] = val[1]+val[2];  // Error A
    res[0] = val[1]-val[2];  // Error A
    res[0] = val[1]/val[2];  // Error A

    byte a1 = 1, a2 = 2;
    byte result = a1+a2;     // Error B
    assert(result == 4);

    result = a1;
    result += a2;    // OK

    res[0] = val[1];
    res[0] += val[2];  // OK
    res[0] = val[1];
    res[0] -= val[2];  // OK
    res[0] = val[1];
    res[0] *= val[2];  // OK
    res[0] = val[1];
    res[0] /= val[2];  // OK
} 


Error A: cannot implicitly convert expression (cast(int)val[1UL] +
cast(int)val[2UL] ) of type int to byte.

Error B: cannot implicitly convert expression (cast(int)a1 + cast(int)a2 ) of
type int to byte.


Same is true for short[] arrays. It is true for +, -, *, /

NOTE: It is not the case for +=, -=, *= and /=. These work with byte and short

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next sibling parent d-bugmail puremagic.com writes:
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additional info: 

Compiler:
DMD 2.061 x86_64 Linux
OS: Fedora 18 x86_64
Binary: elf64-x86-64

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prev sibling next sibling parent d-bugmail puremagic.com writes:
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Jonathan M Davis <jmdavisProg gmx.com> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Status|NEW                         |RESOLVED
                 CC|                            |jmdavisProg gmx.com
         Resolution|                            |INVALID



PST ---

though I don't remember for sure). Arithmetic operations on integral types
result in the largest integral type in the expression or in int if the integral
types are smaller than int. And as D requires explicit casts for narrowing
conversions (unlike C/C++), a cast is then required to assign to a variable of
an integral type smaller than int. So, C/C++ do exactly the same thing as D is
doing here, but they allow the implicit cast back to the smaller type, whereas
D does not. Unlike C/C++, D _does_ do range propagation such that if it can
determine for certain that the result would fit in the smaller type, the cast
isn't required, but that generally requires that integer literals be involved.

+=, -=, etc. work because there's no way to do the cast. If you had

a = a + b;

then you could do

a = cast(byte)(a + b);

but there's no place to put the cast in

a += b;

And you're effectively asking for the cast, because the result is being
reassigned to a. Whereas with

a = a + b;

the expression on the right hand side (and its type) are evaluated before the
assignment takes place, so the fact that you're assigning the result of the
expression to a has no effect on how its evaluated or what its type is.

While this behavior might be a bit annoying, it follows from the fact that D
requires explicit casts for narrowing conversions, and it generally prevents
bugs.

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prev sibling parent d-bugmail puremagic.com writes:
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Thanks very much for the explanation, I mistakenly thought D was supposed to
perform the implicit cast as well. 

I'm glad this is intentional, I much prefer the explicit cast that D requires.

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